Python の スレッド並列とプロセス並列の処理コードの雛形
2024-07-03 09:23 (3ヶ月前)
ytyng
違いとしては ThreadPoolExecutor を使うか ProcessPoolExecutor を使うかの違いのみ。
スレッド並列
コード
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
import time
import uuid
_uuid = str(uuid.uuid4())
print(f'Code evaluated. uuid={_uuid}')
def task(a, *, b):
print(f'Task {a} started')
time.sleep(2)
print(f'Task {a} completed')
return f'worker result({a}) = {a * b}, uuid = {_uuid}'
def main():
_task_args = range(10)
workers = []
with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=3) as executor:
for _task_arg in _task_args:
print(f'Worker append task {_task_arg}')
# タスクを追加すると共に逐次実行する
workers.append(
executor.submit(
task, _task_arg, b=_task_arg+1
)
)
# 全てのタスクが完了したらここに来る
print('Contextmanager exited.')
for worker in workers:
print('Worker result:', worker.result())
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()結果
Code evaluated. uuid=e7fe32bc-83d6-4b14-ba07-e0b7b410f8eb
Worker append task 0
Task 0 startedWorker append task 1
Task 1 started
Worker append task 2
Task 2 started
Worker append task 3
Worker append task 4
Worker append task 5
Worker append task 6
Worker append task 7
Worker append task 8
Worker append task 9
Task 2 completed
Task 3 started
Task 0 completed
Task 4 started
Task 1 completed
Task 5 started
Task 3 completed
Task 6 started
Task 4 completed
Task 5 completed
Task 7 started
Task 8 started
Task 6 completed
Task 9 started
Task 7 completed
Task 8 completed
Task 9 completed
Contextmanager exited.
Worker result: worker result(0) = 0, uuid = e7fe32bc-83d6-4b14-ba07-e0b7b410f8eb
Worker result: worker result(1) = 2, uuid = e7fe32bc-83d6-4b14-ba07-e0b7b410f8eb
Worker result: worker result(2) = 6, uuid = e7fe32bc-83d6-4b14-ba07-e0b7b410f8eb
Worker result: worker result(3) = 12, uuid = e7fe32bc-83d6-4b14-ba07-e0b7b410f8eb
Worker result: worker result(4) = 20, uuid = e7fe32bc-83d6-4b14-ba07-e0b7b410f8eb
Worker result: worker result(5) = 30, uuid = e7fe32bc-83d6-4b14-ba07-e0b7b410f8eb
Worker result: worker result(6) = 42, uuid = e7fe32bc-83d6-4b14-ba07-e0b7b410f8eb
Worker result: worker result(7) = 56, uuid = e7fe32bc-83d6-4b14-ba07-e0b7b410f8eb
Worker result: worker result(8) = 72, uuid = e7fe32bc-83d6-4b14-ba07-e0b7b410f8eb
Worker result: worker result(9) = 90, uuid = e7fe32bc-83d6-4b14-ba07-e0b7b410f8ebプロセス並列
コード
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor
import uuid
import time
_uuid = str(uuid.uuid4())
print(f'Code evaluated. uuid={_uuid}')
def task(a, *, b):
print(f'Task {a} started')
time.sleep(2)
print(f'Task {a} completed')
return f'worker result({a}) = {a * b}, uuid = {_uuid}'
def main():
_task_args = range(10)
workers = []
with ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=3) as executor:
for _task_arg in _task_args:
print(f'Worker append task {_task_arg}')
# タスクを追加すると共に逐次実行する
workers.append(
executor.submit(
task, _task_arg, b=_task_arg+1
)
)
# 全てのタスクが完了したらここに来る
print('Contextmanager exited.')
for worker in workers:
print('Worker result:', worker.result())
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()結果
Code evaluated. uuid=036d3d4f-52df-4a56-a2f3-e965496887ff
Worker append task 0
Worker append task 1
Worker append task 2
Worker append task 3
Worker append task 4
Worker append task 5
Worker append task 6
Worker append task 7
Worker append task 8
Worker append task 9
Code evaluated. uuid=9341bfa9-3851-4ba0-bfaf-189eb9a438fe
Code evaluated. uuid=7b9c1dbb-bcd8-4c79-bf4b-75f2178f2bf4
Task 0 started
Task 1 started
Code evaluated. uuid=cab23013-d3c1-4520-851a-172cdcfaacf6
Task 2 started
Task 0 completed
Task 3 started
Task 2 completedTask 1 completed
Task 4 started
Task 5 started
Task 3 completed
Task 6 started
Task 5 completed
Task 7 started
Task 4 completed
Task 8 started
Task 8 completed
Task 9 started
Task 6 completed
Task 7 completed
Task 9 completed
Contextmanager exited.
Worker result: worker result(0) = 0, uuid = 9341bfa9-3851-4ba0-bfaf-189eb9a438fe
Worker result: worker result(1) = 2, uuid = 7b9c1dbb-bcd8-4c79-bf4b-75f2178f2bf4
Worker result: worker result(2) = 6, uuid = cab23013-d3c1-4520-851a-172cdcfaacf6
Worker result: worker result(3) = 12, uuid = 9341bfa9-3851-4ba0-bfaf-189eb9a438fe
Worker result: worker result(4) = 20, uuid = cab23013-d3c1-4520-851a-172cdcfaacf6
Worker result: worker result(5) = 30, uuid = 7b9c1dbb-bcd8-4c79-bf4b-75f2178f2bf4
Worker result: worker result(6) = 42, uuid = 9341bfa9-3851-4ba0-bfaf-189eb9a438fe
Worker result: worker result(7) = 56, uuid = 7b9c1dbb-bcd8-4c79-bf4b-75f2178f2bf4
Worker result: worker result(8) = 72, uuid = cab23013-d3c1-4520-851a-172cdcfaacf6
Worker result: worker result(9) = 90, uuid = cab23013-d3c1-4520-851a-172cdcfaacf6ポイントとして、ProcessPoolExecutor を使った場合、コードの評価は max_workers 分行われ、その後は使い回されます。 処理ごとに新たに評価されるわけではありません。
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